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MLA 9th Edition Citation Style Guide

Quick tips

In MLA Style, formats that are time based such as video and audio recordings, instead of citing a page number in your in-text citation you would include a time stamp when you are quoting from it. You will need to provide the hours, minutes, and seconds as it displays on whatever device and platform you are using, separating each number with a colon.

For your Works Cited list you don't need to include a time stamp.

" ... begged for forgiveness." Never Have I Ever, season 2, episode 7, Kaling International, Inc., 2021. Netflix,  www.netflix.com. 

In-text

(" ... begged" 00:20:26)

Otherwise you can just provide the title of the media, and/or the main contributor you are referring to such as the director, actor etc.

Film or video

EXAMPLE - DVD

My American Cousin. Directed by Sandy Wilson, Twentieth Century Fox, 1985.

Parenthetical in-text citation: (American Cousin 0:05:36)

Narrative in-text citation without time stamp: In My American Cousin the trials and tribulations of youth is set against the backdrop of Penticton, British Columbia.


EXAMPLE - Viewed through the Library

Shrek the Third. Universal Studies, 2007. Audio Cine Films Inc. https://digitalcampus-swankmp-net.eu1.proxy.openathens.net/audiocine/play/3b336e41babae86e. 

Without Timestamps (when referring just to the film and not a specific quote or dialogue)

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Shrek)

Narrative in-text citation: In the film Shrek the Third the nuances of Shrek's life become even more pronounced. 

With Timestamps

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Shrek 0:25:11)

Narrative in-text citation: At one point in Shrek the Third, Shrek tells Donkey "when have you ever heard the phrase as sweet as an ogre" when discussing his concern with having children (0:25:11). 


EXAMPLE - Streaming (Netflix) on a website

Bird Box. Bluegrass Films, 2018. Netflix, https://www.netflix.com/title/80196789.

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Bird Box)

Narrative in-text citation: In the film Bird Box ...

TED Talk or YouTube Video

EXAMPLE - TED Talk on TED website

Croft, Darren. "Inside the Killer Whale Matriarchy." TED, Dec. 2018,  https://www.ted.com/talks/darren_croft_inside_the_killer_whale_matriarchy.

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Croft(

Narrative in-text citation: In Croft's talk about the matriarchal structure of killer whale pods ... 


EXAMPLE - TED Talk on YouTube

"Climate Change is a Social Justice Issue." YouTube, uploaded by Tedx Talks, 31 May 2018, https://youtu.be/NRmHp0VC4K4.

Parenthetical in-text citation: ("Climate")

Narrative in-text citation: In a video about how "Climate Change is a Social Justice Issue" ... 

Podcast episode

EXAMPLE

"Cleo's Letters." Missing & Murdered: Finding Cleo, hosted by Connie Walker, podcast ed., CBC, 7 Mar. 2018. https://www.cbc.ca/listen/cbc-podcasts/148-missing-murdered-finding-cleo/episode/15524967-s2-episode-1-stolen.-murdered.-missing. 

Parenthetical in-text citation: ("Cleo's)

Narrative in-text citation: In the first episode of season 2, "Cleo's Letter", Connie Walker describes ... 

Artwork on a museum website

EXAMPLE

Ashoona, Shuvinai. Untitled from The Polar World. 2017. The Art Gallery of Toronto, https://ago.ca/collection/object/2017/59.2.

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Ashoona)

Narrative in-text citation: Ashoona's piece Untitled from The Polar World depicts ... 

Photograph

EXAMPLE: Viewed online

Gowen Sutton Company. Chinatown, Vancouver, B.C. 1928. Open Collections: The Chung Collection, http://dx.doi.org/10.14288/1.0355122.

Parenthetical in-text citation: (Gowen Sutton Company)

Narrative in-text citation: The Gowen Sutton Company's image of Chinatown in Vancouver, B.C. shows ...