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Library Research Skills for Land and Food Systems

Combining concepts

How can I use this?

You can make your keyword searching even more powerful using Boolean Logic, which uses special terms called 'operators' to include and exclude results from your search. To start, you should be familiar with these two important two Boolean operators:

Boolean OR

This operator serves to broaden a search by capturing synonyms or variant spellings of a term. If you want to find any of the following words in the search, use the Boolean operator OR.

Example: food security OR food supply.

In other words, use synonyms for your concept joined by the OR operator.

This operator narrows a search by capturing two or more ideas or concepts. If you want to find both of the following words in the search, use the Boolean operator AND.


Boolean AND

This operator narrows a search by capturing two or more ideas or concepts. If you want to find both of the following words in the search, use the Boolean operator AND.

Example: food security AND Canada